Deficiency of Vitamin B12

Clinical Manifestations of Vitamin B12 Deficiency

Hematologic

• Megaloblastic anemia

• Pancytopenia (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)

Neurologic

• Paresthesias

• Peripheral neuropathy

• Combined systems disease (demyelination of dorsal columns and corticospinal tract)

Psychiatric

• Irritability, personality change

• Mild memory impairment, dementia

• Depression

Psychosis

• Cardiovascular

• Possible increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke

Megaloblastic Anemia

Symptoms:
• Weak muscles
• Numbness or tingling in hands and feet.
• Difficulty in walking
• Nausea
• Decreased appetite
• Weight loss
• Irritability

Comparison between normal red blood cell and Megaloblastic Anemia blood cell

Megaloblastic Anemia Cells

Pellagrous

Symptoms:
• Slick tongue
• Loss of appetite

Results of Pellagrous Eruption



Bald tongue (smooth Tongue)

Allergies

Vitamin B12 supplements in theory should be avoided in people sensitive or allergic to cobalamin, cobalt, or any other product ingredients. However, direct allergy to a vitaminor nutrient is extremely rare, and if reported, other causes should be sought.

The effect of allergies